Lebanon

Oxford IB History Ch. 6.4 - Lebanon

a. civil wars - why? who was on each side? who won? did either side have outside help? what was the regional or world context while the civil war(s) was/were being fought?
Due to the huge diverse of Christians and Muslims, which lead to a disagreement over the fishing industry, thus leading into a civil war. On the Christian side Israeli,in the middle saw the Syrians, the UN, Americans and the French trying to keep peace. And then it was the Muslims and the PLO. Christians won because, the Israeli's were able to force out the PLO. During this time major detentes was occurring, America was making peace relations with China. And in UK the counter culture and welfare states arisen.
b. outside interference and reconstruction - post-civil war; explain...
The Syrian Army, American and French troops were sent in in order to keep the peace and try to promote a ceasefire. While the Israeli's interference was to give the training to Christians. Taif Agreement was formed in 1989 this would give reconstruction to the political system in Lebanon, giving increase power to the Prime Minister and the speaker of the Parliament. This way Christian's could not become more powerful than the Muslims. 1991, the Lebanon government passed a pardon of all civil war crimes. While Israeli invaded twice, so that they could make sure that their southern border was protected from Lebanon in case of future attacks.

c. confessional state - explain...
Because they were divided on religious affiliations and also the amount of support for these religious afflictions.

d. economic tensions - why? who benefited? who suffered? what changes took place?
Due to the massive migration of Palestinians immigrants that caused competition in job market place. The Palestinians benefited because they were able to escape Israeli and now settle down in Lebanon. The shi'a community suffered the most due to the competition. that area was a target for attacks from Israeli and also the political geography also changed cause of the Shi'a having to move north.

e. growth of militias and PLO - who joined? why? goals? successes? failures?
The Druze fought alongside of the PLO, in order to create political stabilizability and help the Palestinians. The PLO wasn't successful in causing a ceasefire and were forced out of Lebanon by the growing tensions from Israeli.
IRL:
http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/Peace/lebwith.html
Website
Israeli Government Press Office
It adds hindsight to what we read in class already, because now we know whats going to happen so if asked a question relating from 1945-2000, then we can end a essay with implementation of Resolution 425.
It enhances value because the chapter we read stops with the the troops being removed, so that we know what happened after the invasion. Though it casts a good light for Israeli.
Limitations faced with this is the source is a Israeli one, therefore it is more likely casting a good light on Israeli though they invaded Lebanon.