IRL 10

http://www.bbc.co.uk/learningzone/clips/kristallnacht-remembered/7197.html

Interview Video

BBC in 2008

Were are getting a German Chancellors point of view of what happen in Nazi Germany to help avoid something like Kristallnacht and the genocide from happening again.

I think it enhances what're studying because we get view points from historians on the matter how Nazi Germany used genocide but never really get the value of using a famous woman who has no intentions of lying shes German and has big shoes to fill as Chancellor and it maybe still a touchy subject to talk about Genocide in Germany were seeing a first person point of view on the matter and how she believes it should be prevented from happening again.

Limitations are trusting the Chancellor, because we honestly don't know her full intentions just from this interview.

IRl 09

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/4436275.stm
News story
Raffi Berg of BBC news
This connects to what we are studying in class because its essential about the Nazi Germany's Holocaust and there eventual denial of it happening. It enhances what we've learned in class because one gets first hand reports of the people in the Holocaust and what they saw in the death camps. Which helps the side whose trying to prove that the holocaust did enfact happen.
So limiations of this are one of the quotes is from a SS guard he may not remember eaxactly what happened due to his age or may try to defend or not defend the Nazi regime. Another is the fact that many say it didn't occur while many say it did its a debate going on for a long time.

IB HL1 SGQ 10 HItler's Rule

1. What did National Socialism stand for?

A. What were the movements four general principles?

i. All classes in society must be united into a 'national community' (Volksgemeinschaft)

ii. In order to achieve greatest violence and terror may be needed. Interests of individuals comes second state is first and supreme.

iii. The entire state must be organised on a military footing.

iv. Race is vitally important either your Aryan or non-Aryan.

B. What evidence suggests Nazism was a "natural development of German history"?

i. It seem to be like Prussian militarism and German traditions.

ii. And a final stage in western capitalism.

C . What evidence suggests Nazism was a "distortion of normal development" of German history?

Because the way the events in Germany feel, basically it was inevitable and Hitler was the one to act on Germany under the conditions it was in.

D . What evidence suggests Nazism was a bit of both?

Both ideas took German politics and German history for Nazism. They needed a leader which plays with politics and Germans history on the structural government.

2. How did Hitler consolidate his power?

A. Actions leading up to the March election of 1933

i. He put in power reliable Nazis for police forces

ii. USed violence to beat up opposition

iii. And he controlled the media.

B. The Reichstag fire

i. what happened?

A communist was suspected of burning down the Rechistag who was arrested.

ii. what did it mean?

Hitler used this to his advance to get the people against the communists and socialists his biggest opponents.

3. How was Hitler able to stay in power?

A. What was the Enabling Law?

Laws could be introduced without going through the Reichstag for four years.

B. How did the Enabling Law pass?

Hitler had the meeting house surrounded by SS troops so the majority of people voting were SS who demanded it be passed.

C. What was gleichschaltung?

Its forced co-ordination which turned Germany into a totalitarian state.

D. What were the characteristics of gleichschaltung?

i. Germany was to be a SPS only National Socialist party allowed.

ii. Separate state parliaments still existed but lost all power, their functions were taken over by Nazi Special Commissioner.

iii. Civil Service was Purged

iv. No more trade unions

v. Controlled education so children learned about Nazis and Nazi views only.

vi. Encouraged families to have tons of children and they were rewarded.

vii. All communications and media was to be controlled by the Minister of Propaganda, Dr. Joseph Goebbels.

viii. How was the economic life of the country organized?

a. They told the industries what to produce and if they weren't necessary they were closed.

b. moving workers were the where jobs and labor.

c. encouraging farmers to increase agricultural yields.

d. controlling food prices and rents.

e. manipulating foreign exchange rates to avoid inflation.

f. Introducing vast schemes of public works.

g. forcing foreign countries to buy German goods.

h. manufacturing synthetic rubber and wool and experimenting to produce petrol from coal in order to reduce dependence on foreign countries.

i. increasing expenditure on armaments.

ix. How was religion handled?

a. Catholics

They were forced into a Nazi education and were promised that the Nazis wouldn't interfere.

b. Protestants

Hitler wanted to make the bishop a Nazi. When they objected they were sent to concentration camps.

x.

xi. Anti-Semitism

a. how was it legalized?

Hitler got the support of many German people who were desperate and feed into Hitlers claim of the Jews being scapegoats.

b. examples of the law being carried out

1. Kistallnacht- were Germans were allowed to attack Jew property

2."Final Solution"- to exterminate the Jewish race

3. Holocaust- crimes against humanity or the scapegoats as Hitler saw them.

E. How popular were Hitler's policies?

i. personal appeal - Hitler had ralley's with which had displays of fireworks torchlight, and military parades.

ii. unemployment - His policies essential eliminated unemployment by 1939.

iii. working people - even though Hitler got rid of Trade Unions he made new policies to help out workers.

iv. upper class - made money and spent money which helped Germany economy

v. farmers - were favored the most because Germany wanted to be self-sufficiency in food production.

vi. the Army -

a. officers - was well disposed towards Hitler because of his much publicized aim of setting aside the restrictions of the Versailles Treaty by rearmament and expansion of the army to its full strength.

b. lower ranks - there had been a steady infiltration of National Socialists into the lower ranks and this was beginning to work through to the lower officer classes.

c. Night of Long Knives -

The Camry leaders were much impressed by Hitler's handling of the troublesome SA in the notorious Rohm Purge. Hitler had any SA leaders killed because he feared they may try to overthrow him.

vii. foreign policy -

A brilliant success. Whit each successive triumph, more and more Germans began to think of him as infallible.

IRL 08 11/20/09

http://www.bbc.co.uk/schools/gcsebitesize/history/mwh/russia/stalinmonsterornecessaryevilrev1.shtml

News Story

BBC posted it, though it doesn't say who explicately wrote the article.

It connects to what we are studying in class because we are at the peak of Stalin's cult of personality in the mid 30s after he took power, this shows what people though of him right after his death when like it was "ok" to be honest about how you felt about Stalin. Which also enhances it because you get three perspectives on the issue 2 more and 1 against Stalin's rule showing that us that their was mix feelings on his rule.

Some limitations we face is that its a German journalist right after world war two where there could be some issues still from Russia invading Berlin in 1945. Also the one view you get from the anti Stalinist may have been pressured by the government since the new leader Khrushchev was trying to expose to the world what kind of brutal leader Stalin was.

Homework 11/16/09

Use these two sources to analyze the effects of Stalin’s purges on Soviet society.

Stalin was purging anyone he didn't see fit to be in his country which could be higher ups or any Soviet Citizen which they were usually purged out into exile, executed, or were sent to Gulags. Source A shows that during these purges the people followed a strict set of rules. It says in the source,"(at a time when Soviet citizens were sent to the gulag for speaking to a foreigner)." Showing that Stalin dictated what could be said unless you were given special privileges.
While in Source B dictates the roles in which the citizens had to satisfy the government in fear of purges. It says," It was essential to smile if you didn’t it meant you were afraid or discontented. This nobody could afford to admit. Everybody had to walk around wearing a cheerful expression. Showing that Stalin may have but pressure on the people to make Soviet Russia look like a happy place, even though he was purging out all his opposition or threats to the Soviets.

IRL 7 11/10/09

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/8257941.stm
News Story
It came from BBC and it was written by Bridget Kendall
It connects to what is being studied in class because we see the up coming elections and it even says in the article now some 18 after the fall of the CCCP,"And no wonder. In a country where one man at the top can decide so much, any whiff of the political future is of huge significance." Which still sounds like Russia is a single party state after Stalin.
It gives a perspective of how crucial it was to be leader in Soviet Russia in the earlier 1900s and a new perspective of the last 18 years it hasn't changed much politically.
We don't know exactly how the elections in 2012 will go and if the new leader will lead Russia and a positive or negative direction its a limitation we face not knowing if it will lead to a single party state again too.

IRL 06

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/business/8301333.stm
News Story.
BBC produced the story.
It connects to what we are doing in class because, we talked about the Soviet Union's economy and how Stalin used Five Year Plans and collectivities to increase profits. But the economy was still failing and there were famines in the Ukraine. This is over 60 years since and t he Russian economy is still not a 100% but they accepted it due to the recession.
This enhances the value of what we've learned because now we get two times perceptive of the same country that only 18 years ago changed their whole entire structure.
For this to truely be a economy change we'd have to see how the economy of Russia has been since about 1924 to 2009 each year and how its increased or decreased to see if this now in 2009 is a trend for Russia.

IRL 5

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/country_profiles/1203299.stm
News Story
The BBC
It connect to what we are studying in class because we are studying Trotsky's vision of permanent revolution across the world. And one can see that view in Cuba, who struggled with revolutions to become a communist countries and had to overthrow the government its a modern version since its still a communist state 60 years later.
It enhances value because its a modern example of a communist single party state that has been sustainable to a extent for 60 years, and you see the true Marx vision of helping out other communist states to unite them which Stalin did by helping out Castro in the 60s.
The limitations of the document is that it is only a overview of the history which could have left out key details of the communist regime in Cuba. Also it says it was produced by the BBC nothing about who specifically so we don't know what kind of person wrote this, pro or anti Cuba.

SGQ 9 Russia 361-378

MWH 361-378

1. How did Stalin get to supreme power?

a. Why might Trotsky have become leader? Why did he not?

Because he was like Lenin's right hand man, who had plans of the future to help take over if Lenin should die. He didn't become leader because Kamenev, Zinoviev, and Bukharian made sure Trotsky had no support.

b. Who were the other Politburo members? Why did none of them take power?

Kamenev, Zinoviev, Bukharian, and eventually Trotsky. They didn't take power because they had poor leadership qualities adn were so focused on removing Trotsky that Stalin took over.

c. How did Stalin use his position?

He filled crucially roles in the party with his own supporters.

d. What was the major Politburo disagreement? What were the three options?

Where to do go from next on ruling a communist country since Marx and Lenin were to vague on how it should be done, there was Trotsky's plan on getting permanent revolution in Europe so that once Europe was communist they could help industrialize Russia or continue with NEP.

2. How successful was Stalin in solving Russia's economic problems?

a. What were Russia's economic problems?

Industry was really low and food shortages they needed more food to export and for the people of Russia.

b. What were the Five Year Plans? To industrialize Russia like other European countries.

i. How were they carried out?

Russian's used their money without foreign aid to have foreigners come and educate them on industry so that the first Five Year Plan could help Russia essential become more industrialized

ii. How successful were they? (Provide hard facts as evidence!)

The products were of poor quality and the workers/peasants felt exploited.

c. What does collectivization mean? To collect by force or law grain from peasants would join their little farms to make a huge farm.

i. How was it carried out?

Peasants would join farms to make a large collective farm.

ii. How successful was it? (Provide hard facts as evidence!)

Stalin claimed it was a success because it allowed greater mechanization which it did in 1937

3. How successful was Stalin in solving Russia's political problems?

a. What were Russia's political problems?

i. The government's popularity was found to be harsh because of collectivization and the hardships of the Five Year Plan.

ii. A new Constitution was needed to consolidate the hold of Stalin and the Communist Party over the whole country.

iii. Non-Russian parts of the country wanted to become independent.

b. The Purges and Great Terror

i. What were the "purges"?

Purges with people who were expelled.

ii. How were the purges justified?

1. Planning on killing the government.

2. Planning against the government if you worked for it.

iii. What was the Great Terror? How was it carried out?

Where Stalin had anyone killed, arrested, or tortured who he felt were against him. He had them in a "Show trials" where you were never found innocent and sent to be executed or put in a labor camp.

c. What was the purpose of the 1936 constitution? How did it work in practice?

TO have fair elections for everyone in Russian not just the peasants. It worked so that everyone who wanted to vote could, even if they had been ex-nobles, kulaks, priests, and White Army Officers it was to appeal to the people as being more democratic.

d. What was Stalin's two part approach for holding the union together?

i. Everyone had a certain amount of independence, so it would be more liberal then under the tsarist regime.

ii. Moscow had the final say in all important decisions, if necessary they would use force.

4. What was everyday life and culture like under Stalin?

a. Why was life hard?

i. food- was in short supply due to rapid gowning population of people and bad famine and bad harvest.

ii. housing-31million people in urban population led to housing shortages.

iii. the nomenklatura- they were wealthier people with skills who had a better life.

b. What signs of improvement were there?

i. Food improved.

ii. Work Conditions, free health care.

iii.Cleaning up the people.

iv. Tons of new shops opened.

c. The state, women, and the family

i. Why was life hard for women?

1. More work for the woman since so many men had "disappeared"

2. There was a need for woman to be care providers.

ii. What two goals did the government have for women?

1. Educated woman

2. Fighting wars.

iii. What policies did the government adopt towards women?

1. Drive Lorries

2. Shoot

3. Fly planes

iv. What was life like for upper-class or well-educated women?

Easier because they had money and education, and had professional jobs.

d. Education

i. What improvements were made to education?

1. School for children from 8 to 11 must be enrolled in school.

2. 86 percent of people where literate after 1939/

ii. What were some of the goals of education?

1. Cut literacy

2. Open higher educational schools so Russian people could expand their education which would benefit the government.

e. Religion

i. Was was the Communist view of religion?

That religion was set up by the ruling classes to keep people docile and under control.

ii. What actions did the government take towards religious organizations?

Their seemed to be a connection of church and state, but relations became bad once the Stalin regime so he had churches and priests secretly attacked.

iii. What was the people's reaction to those policies/actions?

It caused outrage in people, which many people began to loose faith in the Communist Regime rather than in religion.

f. Literature and theater

It became split into two groups f writes RAPP who wanted to write about socialism realism, and the non-communists who wanted to write about regular literature and keep politics out.

g. Art, architecture, and music

Artists, sculptors and musicians were all excepted to play their part in 'socialist realism' which was separated again in communists and non-communists.

h. The cinema
Stalin wanted scripts about him so people could see how happy he was and how great Soviet life was, he sent Shumyatsky to Hollywood to get great ideas.

IRL 4 10/09/09

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/europe/6991349.stm
A article by Tristana Moore
This article came from BBC and was written by Tristana Moore at BBC News, Berlin.
It relates to what were doing in class because it shows that the conditions leading to a single party state in German in 1933 are resurfacing and sending fear because the Neo Nazi Party. Showing that with conditions a country can become a single party state but I don't believe Germany is that bad for this to occur.
It enhances my value of what we've learned because the point of what we've been learning is "to what extent" does a single party state occur, it enhances my value because 60 plus years later in Germany the country is heading down a path it did again in the early 1920s.
The limitations faced when dealing with this article because we don't know exact numbers of the party and if the party is unified in one party with the same ideologies of the original Nazi party.

SGQ 8 Russian 349-358

MWH 349-358

How successfully did Lenin and the Bolsheviks deal with their problems (1917-1924?)

I. How much support did the Bolsheviks have from the people?

a. the elections of November 1917

i. Bolshevik seats - 175 seats

ii. Social Revolutionary seats - 370 steats

iii. Mensheviks seats - 15 seats

iv. "left wing" groups - 40 seats

v. nationality groups - 80 seats

vi. Kadets - 17 seats

b. How did Lenin respond to the election results?

He was determined for the Bolsheviks to win and stay in power and refused to share power with any other group.

II. What was the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, and what were its conditions?

a. It was a treaty between...

Germany and Russia

b. Russia gave up

i.Russia lost Poland, Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania, the Ukraine, Georgia and Finland.

ii.A third of Russia's farming land, a third of her populations

iii. And lost two-thirds of her coalmines and half her heavy industry.

III. Why did the Bolsheviks resort to violence?

a. Violence from others

i. Petrograd and Moscow - Lenin was convinced that the kulaks were hoarding food since there was shortages so he had his secret police the Cheka to find evidence and punish the kulaks.

ii. Ukraine - Because they lost the important wheat source.

iii. Social Revolutionaries - They assassinated the German ambassador, leading Bolshevik member's of the Petrograd soviet and there was evidence that the Social Revolutionaries were planning a revolution.

iv. violence aimed at Bolshevik leaders - the head of the Petrograd leader was assassinated and Lenin was shot by a woman twice but was able to heal.

b. Lenin's flawed reasoning

i. Marx's predictions

1.One that the middle class capitalists would overthrow the autocratic and the monarchy to set up systems of parliamentary democracy.

2. When industrialization was complete the industrial workers (proletarait) will overthrow the bourgeois capitalists and set up a classless society.

ii. Russia's reality

1.One Russia was not fully industrialized and the proletariat was the majority.

2. The Russian's could have two revolutions the bourgeois and proletarian

iii. Lenin's expectations for the rest of Europe

Lenin's expectations were that once Russia had a successful revolution that it would become a worldwide socialist revolution and was convinced Russia would be able to get help from all neighboring governments but none of this happened.

c. Liberal historical interpretation

That Lenin wanted a violent revolution and used Trotsky to train his men in order to take over the goverment.

IV. The Red Terror

a. against peasants - The peasants were suspected of having surpluses while the Cheka slaugtered any peasants who were suspected of this by 1919 there was 123,000 executions.

b. against political opponents - All political opposition was rounded up and shot

c. against the former Tsar - The Tsar his family and people working in his house was killed.

V. Civil War

a. Which groups made up the "Whites"?
The Bolsheviks opposition was the Whites which was consisted of Social Revolutionaries, Mensheviks, and ex-tsarists.

b. What was the Whites' main goal?
Set up a democratic government.

c. What was the role of other nations?
Siberia, Caucasus and the Czech Legion was going to attack the Bolsheviks

d. What was the result of the Civil War?
The communist party emerged victorious.

e. How were the communists able to win the Civil War?

i.The White were not organized and as they drew nearer to Moscow lost contact.

ii. The Red Armies had 3 million men which was about 10 to 1.

iii.Lenin took control of everything, factories, grain, to feed town workers

iv.He used the fact that most of the Whites were foreigners adn that he was riding Russian of foreign interference.

VI. What were the effects of the Civil War?

a. civilian deaths -8 million dead

b. economic changes -the economy was in ruins.

VII. What was done about economic problems?

a. effects of war communism

i.Peasants were yo keep some of the grain and be compensated for the others.

ii. Taxable

b. reforms of the New Economic Policy

i.reintroduction of private trade.

ii.revived incentive

iii. food production increases

c. successes of the NEP

i. Economy began to restore .

ii. less food shortages

iii. Happier peasants.

Chinese History 405-412 9/27

MWH p. 405-412

How did the Communists come to power in China?

1. Revolution and the warlord era

a. Explain the three major crises of this era?

i. The Opium Wars with Europe caused China's sea ports to be taken over by foreign powers.

ii. Japan's war with China caused land to be taken away and they were forced to pay for it.

iii. Civil wars caused the Chinese government to fail and China to slowly split.

b. What was the immediate cause of the 1911 revolution?

Radical ideas about forming a democratic government and reforming the government which upset the people when the government tried to respond to it by making false promises.

c. What were the two important positive developments that took place during the Warlord Era?

i. The May the Fourth Movement began in 1919 which was a student demonstration in Beijing protesting the warlords and against traditional Chinese culture and anti-Japanese.

ii.The KMT gradually grew stronger and succeeded into bring China as a whole by putting the warlords under control by 1928.

2. The Kuomintang, Dr. Sun Yat-sen, and Chiang Kai-shek

a. What were Sun Yat-sen's three goals for China?

i. Nationalism- make china independent, untied, and strong.

ii. Democracy- Ruled by people themselves not by warlords after educated the people of democratic self government techniques.

iii. Land reform- economic development and redistribution of land to peasants.

b. What three steps did Chiang take to consolidate power?

i. His Northern March which consisted in destroying the warlords of central and northern china.

ii. Removing the communists from powerful places and trying to remove them fully.

iii. And to ultimately help out the people with money in China such as landowners, industrial owners etc..

3. Mao Zedong and the Chinese Communist Party

a. How did the Communists survive the extermination campaigns?

They marched 6000 miles to find safely when only 20,000 made it they were able to start a new base in the Yenan in the Shensi province.

b. Why did Mao and the Communists gain support?

i. KMT spent to much time looking after wealthy people (industrialists, landowners, bankers) Nothing for the peasants.

ii. They had not improved the factor conditions but they did make laws for them and did not find it necessary to enforce them.

iii. KMT didn't improve poverty for the peasants who had trouble getting meals and even living on land.

iv. The KMT didn't resist the Japanese, they felt it was more important to defeat the communists than the Japanese, so the Communists though this could be played against the KMT to gain support.

4. Briefly summarize how the CCP won their struggle with the KMT, and give 2 reasons
They were able to gain support of the peasants by promises of land and getting rid of the landowners, industrialists, bankers. Basically everything the KMT wasn't doing that was annoying the Chinese the communists were going to do. They also sough to get rid of Japan which was a huge support boost for them and gave them time to increase their, armies and bases by 1945 they had nineteen base areas controlling 100 million people.

Independent Reflective Learning 03

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/germany/4839116/Neo-Nazis-plotting-Fourth-Reich-in-Germany.html

News story

By Allan Hall in Berlin
Published: 2:49PM GMT 26 Feb 2009

It connects to what we are studying in class because we are studying how Hitler came to power and the "Third Reich" in Germany 60 plus years ago and it is trying to reoccur again. It enhances what we've learned in class because now I get a even better understanding of how the world has taken in the whole " Third Reich Nazi regime" some have come to want to have it never repeat again and others are so determine to let it happen again, the next question this article brings to mind is will be it be political or forceful tried for this "Fourth Reich" to come about. The limitations are the interviews of the Neo-Nazis are from party that may have really not understand what their doing or taking it to a extreme where they will not be successful like violent tactics, this article says nothing about their political tactics.

Russian History 339-343

Were the revolutions of 1917 inevitable?

A. Reforms under Nicholas II

1. How was Nicholas able to survive the 1905 revolution?

i. All his opponents were not untied:

ii.there was no central leadership this wasn't really a though out planned revolution.

iii. he was willing to compromise at the critical moment by issuing the October Manifesto, promising concessions.

iv. he had a army at his disposal that were still loyal to him.

2. What reforms did Nicholas institute?

i. improvements in industrial working conditions and pay for workers.

ii. cancellation of redemption payments- these were annual payments to the government by peasants in return for their freedom and some land. Payments had reduced over half the rual population to dire poverty.

iii. more freedom for the press: a.k.a freedom of speech

iv. genuine democracy in which the Duma would play an important part in running the country as a type of parliament.

3. What happened to the Dumas?

They kept failing the First Duma (1906) was not democratically elected, and they had rights over the Tsar which upset him causing them to dispersed after ten weeks, The Second Duma (1907) suffered the same fate, while the Third Duma (1907-1912_ and the Fourth Duma (1912-1917) lasted longer because they were conservative but criticized the government because the Tsar still controlled the ministers and the secret police.

B. Strengths of the regime

1. how did Stolypin gain support of some peasants?

i. He got rid of redemption payments so that they would be able to buy land.

ii. Encouraged them to buy their own land.

iii. what is a kulak?

Its the peasant class that is well off and would support the government against a revolution, they owned land.

2. how did the regime gain support among industrial workers?

Better working conditions such as workers' sickness and accident insurance.

3. other positive signs for the regime

i. Universal education within ten years by 1914 opening an extra 50,000 primary schools.

ii. At the same time revolutionary parties seemed to have lost heart; they were short of money, torn by disagreements, and their leaders were still in exile.

C. Weaknesses of the regime

1. why were Stolypin's land reforms failing?

i. Because the peasant population was growing to rapidly

ii.And because the farming methods were too old fashioned.

2. what was the trend with industrial strikes in the years leading to WWI?

They kept increasing over the years doubling and doubling up to 1914: 270 strikes, 2000, 2400, then 4000.

3. what three groups did the government especially target for repression?

i.peasants

ii.industrial workers

iii. intelligentsia

4. revolutionary parties - what did each hope for?

i. Bolsheviks - (Red) the communists

ii. Mensheviks - strict marxists worked with peasants.

iii. Social Revolutionaries - not marxists they were striving for a agrarian society based on peasant communities operating collectively.

5. How was the royal family tainted by scandal?

i. Stolypin's death - They were said to have had a part in his death due to his liberalness.

ii. Rasputin - Defendend him from public cristisms.

D. World War I

What were considered failures in Russia's effort in WWI?

i. incompetent and corrupt organizations

ii. the shortage of equipment.

iii. poor transport organizations and distributions meant that arms and ammunition were to slow to reach the front.

iv. food became scarce

v.trains were monoplolized.

Germany History pg 300-309

GERMANY: Modern World History p. 301-309

Why did the Weimar Republic fail?

A. Disadvantages

1. why was Versailles "humiliating" and "unpopular"?

i. Because it blamed the German people for the first world war.

ii. They had to paid the war reparations to all countries affected in the war even though Germany's economy was plummeting.

iii. Their arms now had to be limited and restricted.
iv. They had all their foreign territories taken away, they had East and West Prussia divided as well.

2. who did people generally believe should run the country?

i. The officers of the German army

were the German people justified in the view? why/why not?

ii. Yes because the German peoples view was that the government had stabbed the soldiers and even the German people in the back by giving up on a war they were not loosing.

3. what weaknesses existed in the Weimar parliamentary system?

i.All the political parties in Germany would have fair representation.

ii.No parties where every able to win because their was so many of them.

4. why did the political parties have no experience?

i.Because the Reichstag had not controlled policy the Chancellor did.

how did the political parties deal with their bitter rivalries?

ii. They formed private armies in the chance that their disagreements lead to a civil war.

B. Outbreaks of Violence

1. Sparticists

i. who was behind it?

The Communists where behind the Sparticits.

ii. how bad was it?

They took over almost all of Germany.

iii. how was it defeated?

The Government with the help of the anti communist groups where able to defeat them and kill the leaders.

2. Kapp Putsch

i. who was behind it?

The Freikorps.

ii. how bad was it?

Not bad at all

iii. how was it defeated?

The German people all striked causing the Kapp to resign as Chancellor.

3. assassinations

i. who was behind it?

Ex-Freikorps.

ii. how bad was it?

Two important men where killed, but since they were right winged they were left off easi

4. Beer Hall Putsch

i. who was behind it?

Hitler

ii. how bad was it?

Not to bad.

iii. how was it defeated?

The police broke up Hitler's march and he was sentenced to 9 months in jail.

5. private armies

i. who was behind it?

Usually between Nazis and communists.

ii. how bad was it?

Street fights and riots fights.

iii. how was it defeated?

It really wasn't people would join to the better side the Government couldn't keep control of the fights.

C. Economic problems

1. why was Germany facing bankruptcy?

Because the war lasted longer than they excepted.

2. what was the problem with the reparations payments?

Because they paided back what they could and asked to suspend the reparations till the economy picked back up which France refused.

3. how did France attempt to deal with the reparations issue?

Ruhr was seized under French control.

E. Nazi popularity

1. how did the Nazis propose to fulfill their promises?

i.They offered unity, prosperity, and full employment.

ii.

2. i.What was the SA?

Storm Troopers

ii. Why was the SA so popular?

They were good looking, they had a job, and were well uniformed.

3. Where did the fear of communism come from?

From wealthy landowners and industrialists.

4. What were Hitler's political abilities?

i.Energy

ii.Will-power

iii.public speaking

iv.He didn't exclude any Germans in Germany from spreading the word.

5. What kinds of people supported the Nazis?
Rich people who feared the governement and the communists, unemployed people, army officers who felt betrayed.

IRL 2 09/15/09

1)http://www.crisisgroup.org/home/index.cfm?l=1&id=1271
2) Website dedicated to World Crisis Worldwide.
3)International Crisis Group
4) Its a view of what the effects of the Arab-Israeli Conflict has done to the middle east on going since the late 40s. Showing how this on going rivalry affects surrounding countries.
5) It enhances what we've learned in class because, in the civil war the Israeli's where attacked by all neighboring countries and drove the Paleinstians to the West Bank, and put their army as buffering for the neighboring countries who attacked them seem to be almost imploding because their countries are diverging to people who can live with this and others who want to fight back again.
6)Limiations faced with this source is it doesn't mention the Israeli people, just the Arab countries and how bad they are from this conflict while the Israeli people are facing terrorists attacks daily.

Pages 23-29 QUestions

1. Why was the struggle for Jerusalem so important for the Israelis?

2. Who won and who lost in the war?

3. What was agreed under the armistices?

4. Why was there no peace treaty?

5. Which side had the stronger military forces?

6. What were the war aims of King Abdullah of Jordan?

1)Because they wanted their holy sites back and they believed if they could defeat, King Abdullah's forces Arab Legion it would cause all other invaders to back down.
2)Israeli had won the war because they gained more land and territory at only 6000 lives and drove most of the Palestinians into Gaza.
3)Egypt would get back the land that Israeli took during the war, Israeli and Jordan had a partition on Jerusalem, while Jordan took over the Gaza (west bank) territory. Syria gained a buffering zone where Israeli nor Syria could have any military forces.
4)Because Israeli blamed Arabs for the war while the Arabs blamed the Israeli for the refugee problem and bother felt like they should be compensated.
5)Israeli had a growing army with increasing number or weapons and troops that had more experience from fighting in World War II.
6)To become the leader of Israeli and add it to their land, to seize and defend Jerusalem and to drive a deeper wedge into the Arab and Israeli conflict.

Pages 15-22 and Questions

1. What was Zionist policy in Palestine in the late 1930's?
2. How did Zionist policy change after the war?
3. Why was US support so important for the Zionists?
4. Why and how did the Zionists resort to terrorism in Palestine?
5. What was the response to the UNSCOP report?
6. Why was there a civil war in Palestine?

1. The policy was to keep Jewish affairs such as education for Jewish children and they wanted to partition.
2. First there many priority was to support the English in the war, once it was over there many concern was picking things back up which the British didn't want, after loosing 6 million Jews in the Holocaust the Jews refused to be silent and began terrorists attacks.
3.Because the Zionists needed the second superpower to but pressure on the British to make a separate Jewish state, and they though if they could pressure all the Jewish people in the united states they could pressure there own government.
4.Because they felt like they were being ignored and could not be patient and though that by having separate states they could take in more immigrants from the Holocaust survivors. They began to target British military bases, railroads, and bridges.
5. Jews were very happy about it but the Arabs still declined the idea by the UN.
6.Because the Arabs were upset with the British and the Jews, they wanted their land back not to be separated, and other neighboring countries tried to help out the Arabs get land and kick out the Jews.

Pages 10-14 Questions

Why were Palestinian Arabs angry about Jews immigrating to Palestine after WWI?

Because the Jews were buying land and evicting the Arabs who worked on the land, the Arabs were also angry because they just got over the hold Turkey had on them and now the British were doing the same thing and letting thousands of Jews migrate into their home land.

Why did British rule lead to an Arab rebellion in Palestine?

Because they kept deciding not to restrict immigrations because they though it would cause more foreign problems with USA and all the Jews rather than just the Arabs, who kept having some out breaks but then broke out into a civil war because Britain wasn't controlling how Jews could come in causing the population to skyrocket.

Why did the British decide on, and later reject, the partition of Palestine?
When Arabs refused to split their home land, Britain was afraid that Arabs would join Hitler which would cause a oil issue so they decided they wanted to make Palestine a independent nation which wouldn't be a Jewish or a Arab state but they would govern it together.

Pages 1-9 Questions

What was the Jewish claim to Palestine?
The Jewish claimed Palestine was the "Promise Land" where they could escape persecution and celebrate "Next Year in Jerusalem"
What was the importance of Balfour Declaration?
Jews believed that the support from Britain would help create a Jewish state.
What was the Arab claim to Palestine?
The Arabs wanted to claim Palestine as their own to spread their religion and they also wanted to be independent from other countries.
To what extent was the First World War a turning point in the struggle for Arab independence?
If the Arabs helped and rebelled against the Turkish, Britain would recognize and support Arab independent. However Britain and France were waiting to split up Arab lands.
Why did Britain and France want mandates in the middle east?
Because they'd be able to keep order in the middle east countries until they were seen fit to govern themselves as independent nations.

Independent Reflective Learning 01

http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/2008/jan/01/israelandthepalestinians.international

Article

Rory McCarthy in Jerusalem

It connects because it talks about the slowning down of deaths in Israelis and Palestinians; "The number of Israelis and Palestinians killed in the Middle East conflict dropped last year but human rights abuses continued, a leading Israeli human rights group said yesterday." The view point of some of the things viewed in class was that it may build up again causing another war because of abuses, which is the Palenstinians view while the Israelis view is "The Israeli rights group criticised Palestinian violence, describing attacks on Israeli civilians as war crimes and unjustified." Both don't see the wrongs and they are too busy fighting to see its killing their people. It adds even more value than the articles read in class because you get even more perspective of both sides of the conflict by a man in Jerusalem. The limitations i face is that everything in History is basis and since the man is from Jerusalem meaning he could make the problems in Israel seem worse than they are to get support will the US or try to raise propaganda and could take a extremist viewpoint on the situation without knowing all the facts.